“The Dynamics of Civilization and the Transformation of Islamic Education during the Early Period of the Abbasid Caliphate: Dinamika Peradaban dan Transformasi Pendidikan Islam pada Masa Daulah Abbasiyah Periode Awal” (2025) REACT: Research in Education and Critical Transformation, 1(2), pp. 101–112. Available at: https://pub.siradjournal.com/index.php/react/article/view/70 (Accessed: 9 October 2026).