1. Initial Screening

• Upon submission, all manuscripts undergo an initial screening by the editorial team.
• This screening checks for basic formatting compliance, language clarity, plagiarism (similarity below 20%), and relevance to the journal’s scope.
• Manuscripts that do not meet basic requirements may be returned to authors for revision before further processing.

2. Assignment to Reviewers

• Eligible manuscripts are assigned to at least one independent reviewer, following a single-blind peer review process (the authors do not know the reviewers’ identities, but reviewers know the authors’ names).
• In specific cases, two reviewers may be assigned for a more comprehensive evaluation.
• Reviewers are selected based on their expertise and research background related to the manuscript's subject.

3. Peer Review Criteria

Reviewers assess the manuscript based on the following criteria:

• Relevance and Contribution: Does the manuscript align with the journal’s scope? Does it provide a significant contribution to the field?
• Originality and Novelty: Is the research original, and does it offer new insights?
• Methodology: Are the research methods appropriate and well-described?
• Results and Discussion: Are the findings clear, well-analyzed, and supported by data?
• Clarity and Structure: Is the manuscript well-organized and free of major language errors?
• Citations and References: Does the manuscript properly cite relevant literature following APA 7th edition guidelines?

4. Review Outcomes and Decision

Reviewers provide one of the following recommendations:

• Accept Without Revisions: The manuscript is ready for publication with minimal or no changes.
• Minor Revisions Required: The manuscript needs minor improvements but does not require a full re-evaluation.
• Major Revisions Required: The manuscript requires significant revisions, and the revised version will be reviewed again.
• Reject: The manuscript does not meet the journal’s quality standards or falls outside the journal’s scope.

5. Revision Process

• Authors are given 2–4 weeks to revise the manuscript based on reviewer comments.
• The revised manuscript must include a revision report detailing responses to each reviewer’s comment.
• If major revisions are required, the manuscript will undergo a second round of review before a final decision is made.

6. Final Decision and Publication

• The editorial board makes the final decision on acceptance or rejection based on reviewer feedback.
• Once accepted, the manuscript undergoes final formatting, copyediting, and DOI assignment before publication.
• The final version of the article is published in open access format, allowing free access to the research.

7. Ethical Considerations

• The journal follows COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines to ensure ethical and fair peer review.
• Reviewers must disclose any potential conflicts of interest and maintain confidentiality throughout the review process.
• The editorial team monitors plagiarism and ethical misconduct to maintain academic integrity.