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Abstract
The Abbasid Caliphate was one of the most significant dynasties in Islamic history, successfully leading Islamic civilization to its peak of achievement. This article aims to analyze the dynamics of civilization and the transformation of Islamic education during the early period of the Abbasid Caliphate (132–232 AH/750–847 CE) as a foundational phase of Islamic intellectual development. This study employs a qualitative method using a library research approach by examining various scholarly sources, including books, journal articles, and previous studies. The findings reveal that political stability, strong governance, and the support of Abbasid caliphs particularly Abu Ja‘far al-Mansur, Harun al-Rashid, and al-Ma’mun played a crucial role in fostering the transformation of Islamic education. The establishment and development of the Bayt al-Hikmah in Baghdad served as a major center for translation, research, and multidisciplinary knowledge production. Educational transformation during this period not only advanced religious sciences but also stimulated significant progress in science, philosophy, and culture, contributing substantially to global civilization. Therefore, Islamic education in the early Abbasid period can be understood as a central driving force behind the transformation of Islamic civilization through the integration of Islamic values and universal intellectual traditions.
[Daulah Abbasiyah merupakan salah satu dinasti terpenting dalam sejarah Islam yang berhasil membawa peradaban Islam mencapai puncak kejayaannya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika peradaban dan transformasi pendidikan Islam pada masa Daulah Abbasiyah periode awal (132–232 H/750–847 M) sebagai fase fondasional dalam pembentukan kejayaan Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research), dengan menelaah berbagai sumber literatur berupa buku, artikel jurnal, dan penelitian terdahulu yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas politik, kebijakan pemerintahan yang relatif kuat, serta dukungan para khalifah terutama Abu Ja‘far al-Manshur, Harun ar-Rasyid, dan al-Ma’mun menjadi faktor utama dalam mendorong transformasi pendidikan Islam. Pendirian dan pengembangan Baitul Hikmah di Baghdad berperan penting sebagai pusat penerjemahan, penelitian, dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan lintas disiplin. Transformasi pendidikan pada periode ini tidak hanya melahirkan kemajuan dalam ilmu keagamaan, tetapi juga mendorong perkembangan sains, filsafat, dan budaya yang berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peradaban global. Dengan demikian, pendidikan Islam pada masa awal Daulah Abbasiyah dapat dipahami sebagai motor utama transformasi peradaban yang mengintegrasikan nilai keislaman dengan tradisi keilmuan universal.]
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